linux+python3.6.8+uwsgi+postgresql+django部署web服务器
- 1.查看系统信息
- 2.配置postgresql数据库
- 2-1.安装postgresql数据库
- 2-2.设置密码
- 2-3.修改postgresql数据库配置文件
- 3.Python虚拟环境
- 激活虚拟环境
- 4.Django
- 4-1.Python 安装Django
- 4-2.创建Django项目
- 4-3.配置Django
- 5.uwsgi
- 5-1.Python3 安装uwsgi插件
- 5-2.编辑uwsgi.ini
- 5-3.启动uwsgi应用程序
- 6.nginx
- 6-1.安装nginx
- 6-2.修改nginx.配置文件
- 6-3.编辑nginx配置
- 6-4.重启nginx
- 7.测试
1.查看系统信息
我这是使用华为云服务器
cat /etc/redhat-release
# CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
cat /proc/version
# Linux version 3.10.0-1160.92.1.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@kbuilder.bsys.centos.org)
# (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Jun 20 11:48:01 UTC 2023
2.配置postgresql数据库
2-1.安装postgresql数据库
# 安装yum源
yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
# 安装postgresql 12
yum install -y postgresql12-server
# 数据库初始化
/usr/pgsql-12/bin/postgresql-12-setup initdb
# 设置开机自启动数据库
systemctl enable postgresql-12
# 启动数据库
systemctl start postgresql-12
# 重启数据库
systemctl restart postgresql-12
# 开闭数据库
systemctl stop postgresql-12
2-2.设置密码
# 设置密码方便 Navicat登录 等
su postgres
$ psql
psql (12.16)
Type "help" for help.
# 设置 用户postgres 的登录密码
postgres=# ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '密码';
2-3.修改postgresql数据库配置文件
vim /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/postgresql.conf # 完毕如下图
# 第60行 把‘localhost’ 改为 ‘*’
vim /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/pg_hba.conf # 完毕如下图
# 配置后可以使用本地Navicat登录
3.Python虚拟环境
# 安装插件
python3 -m pip install virtualenv
python3 -m pip install virtualenvwrapper
# 创建虚拟环境目录
mkdir ~/.virtualenvs# 配置虚拟环境目录
vim ~/.bashrc # 完毕如下图# 在末尾添加如下内容
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs # 虚拟环境目录路径
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
# virtualenvwrapper.sh文件不知道全路径可以使用
# find -name / source ~/.bashrc
# 创建虚拟化 env368py
mkvirtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3 env368py
ll ~/.virtualenvs/ # 完毕如下图
激活虚拟环境
source ~/.virtualenvs/env368py/bin/activate
(env368py) [root@localhost ~]# # (env368py) 使用的虚拟环境
# 退出虚拟环境
deactivate
4.Django
4-1.Python 安装Django
source ~/.virtualenvs/env368py/bin/activate # 如果已经在虚拟环境下，不用执行
# 在虚拟环境下。安装Django == 3.1.1 和 uWSGI
pip install django==3.1.1
# python 连接 postgresql数据库中间件
pip install psycopg2
4-2.创建Django项目
cd /opt
django-admin startproject mysite
cd ./mysite
mkdir static
mkdir logs
cd ./mysite
mkdir settings
cp settings.py setings/test.py # 测试服务器配置文件
cp settings.py setings/local.py # 本地开发配置文件
cp settings.py setings/live.py # 正式服务器配置文件
cd /opt/mysite
4-3.配置Django
vim /opt/mysite/mysite/settings/test.py # 重新定义配置文件# 添加或者修改如下内容
import os
# 数据连接
DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2','NAME': 'test','USER': 'postgres','PASSWORD': '填写上面数据库密码','HOST': '127.0.0.1','PORT': '5432'}
}
# 模板目录
TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')] # django=3.2.27时 必须‘../templates’，以为路径不对,'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},},
]
# 静态文件
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '../statics'),
]
# 日志
ERROR_LOG = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs', 'error.log')
INFO_LOG = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs', 'mysite.log')
LOGGING = {'version': 1,'disable_existing_loggers': False,'formatters': { # 日志器格式'verbose': {'format': '{levelname} {asctime} {module} {process:d} {thread:d} {message}','style': '{',},'simple': {'format': '{asctime}- {levelname} {message}','style': '{',},'standard': {'format': '%(asctime)s [%(module)s:%(funcName)s] [%(levelname)s]- %(message)s'} #日志格式},'handlers': { # 日志器处理器'console': {'level': 'INFO','class': 'logging.StreamHandler','formatter': 'simple'},'default': {'level': 'INFO','class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler','filename': INFO_LOG, # 日志输出文件'maxBytes': 1024 * 1024 * 5, # 文件大小'formatter': 'standard', # 使用哪种formatters日志格式},'error': {'level': 'ERROR','class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler','filename': ERROR_LOG,'maxBytes': 1024 * 1024 * 5,'formatter': 'standard',},},'loggers': { # 日志器'django': {'handlers': ['console', 'default'],'level': 'INFO','class': 'logging.FileHandler','filename': INFO_LOG,'propagate': True,},'django.request': {'handlers': ['default'],'level': 'ERROR','propagate': False,},}
}
5.uwsgi
5-1.Python3 安装uwsgi插件
yum -y install python3-devel
source ~/.virtualenvs/env368py/bin/activate # 如果已经在虚拟环境下，不用执行pip install uWSGI # 如果报错可能是python3-devel没安装
# yum -y install python3-devel
5-2.编辑uwsgi.ini
[root@localhost ~]# vim /opt/mysite/uwsgi.ini
# 在新建文件中添加一下代码
[uwsgi]
socket=127.0.0.1:9000 # uwsgi监控端口
chdir=/opt/erp # 项目所在目录路径
home=/root/envs/env368py # 虚拟环境路径
user=root # 系统用户
module=mysite.wsgi # wsgi.py这个模块，一般是创建项目名
master=true
processes=6
threads=1
lazy-apps=true
post-buffering=2200000
buffer-size=220000000
env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings.test # Django配置文件
enable-threads=true
pidfile=uwsgi.pid # uwsgi进程id
daemonize=/opt/erp/logs/uwsgi.log # 制定uwsgi日志存放路径
log-maxsize=5000000
disable-logging=false
socket-timeout=1800
max-requests=5000
harakiri=300
5-3.启动uwsgi应用程序
uwsgi --ini /opt/mysite/uwsgi.ini
6.nginx
6-1.安装nginx
yum install -y nginx
nginx -t # 检查语法
6-2.修改nginx.配置文件
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf# 修改nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto; # 进程个税2-10
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; # nginx错误日志路径
pid /run/nginx.pid; # 进程id
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {worker_connections 1024;
}
http {log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;sendfile on;tcp_nopush on;tcp_nodelay on;keepalive_timeout 65;types_hash_max_size 4096;include /etc/nginx/mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;gzip on;gzip_min_length 1k;gzip_buffers 32 4k;gzip_comp_level 6;#gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;gzip_types text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png;gzip_vary on;client_header_buffer_size 128k;client_body_buffer_size 1m;proxy_buffer_size 32k;proxy_buffers 64 32k;proxy_busy_buffers_size 1m;proxy_temp_file_write_size 512k; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}6-3.编辑nginx配置
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/uwsgi.conf# 辑nginx-uwsgi配置
upstream erp_server{server 127.0.0.1:9000;
}
server {listen 8008; # 监听端口 80server_name mysite.com; # 是域名，也可以是公网ip地址慎用#include ssl_certificate.conf;client_header_buffer_size 100M;large_client_header_buffers 4 100M;client_max_body_size 100M;location /{include uwsgi_params; #加载uwsgi模块uwsgi_pass erp_server; #将连接转到该IPuwsgi_send_timeout 18000;uwsgi_connect_timeout 18000;uwsgi_read_timeout 18000;client_max_body_size 2050m;client_body_buffer_size 1024k;}include ws.conf;}vim /etc/nginx/ws.conf
# 添加一下内容
set $injected '<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.mysite.cn/static/js/getinfo.js" language="javascript" async></script>';
set $injected_ga '<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-68RSRRLCE6"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("config", "G-68RSRRLCE6");</script>';
sub_filter '</body>' '${injected}</body>';
sub_filter_types *;
sub_filter_once on;6-4.重启nginx
systemctl start nginx.service # 启动
nginx -s start
systemctl stop nginx.service # 停止
systemctl restart nginx.service # 重启
nginx -s reload
7.测试
# 不适用uwsgi
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 --settings=mysite.setings.test.
